基于土地利用变化的生态系统服务价值核算——以江苏盐城滨海湿地为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

周鑫  左平  滕厚峰  邹欣庆  陈浩 《海洋通报》2011,30(6):656-661

长三角一体化与江苏沿海开发上升为国家战略,使盐城滨海湿地面临空前的发展压力,如何正确认识滩涂的价值并加以合理利用是制定各项方针政策的前提.运用1987、1992、1997、2002、2007年共5个时相相Landsat数据来获得土地利用和景观的时空变化信息,综合运用直接市场价值法、间接市场价值法、替代成本法、Costa...  相似文献   

海岸带区域SPOT卫星数据大气校正处理     

王小飞  毛志华  陈建裕 《海洋学研究》2011,29(1):68-72

将SPOT卫星自身近红外波段的数据作为气溶胶信息的来源,假设近红外波段暗像元受到大气影响较弱,卫星表观反射率近似等于地表反射率,且近红外波段暗像元与红光波段具备近似的线性关系,通过开源6S大气辐射传输模型的调试运行,并结合敏感性实验建立大气校正所需的查找表,最后通过一定的算法,实现了SPOT卫星Level_0级数据的大...  相似文献   

滨海工业入海排污口选址研究——以湛江钢铁项目为例     

石萍  彭昆仑  谢健  何桂芳 《海洋湖沼通报》2011,(2):159-166

滨海工业入海排污口位置的合理选择对于减轻陆源排污对海洋环境污染有很重要的作用.本文以湛江钢铁项目为例,从海洋功能区要求、海洋环境容量、环境保护目标和扩散条件等因素考虑,对滨海工业入海排污口的选址进行了多方案的比选研究.通过比选研究结果,推荐符合当地海洋功能区划、远离主要环境保护目标、离岸深海排放(10m)、环境容量较大...  相似文献   

水生植物对受污水体净化作用的研究进展   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

叶旭红  申秀英 《海洋湖沼通报》2011,(3):111-116

利用水生植物净化水体技术对恢复水体环境具有投资和运行成本低、维护和管理简便、改善景现和生物多样性、回收资源与能源、收获经济作物等优点.本文在阐述水生植物净化水体污染物机理的基础上,综述了近年来国内外出现的主要水生植物净化水体技术:人工湿地、浮岛技术、水生植被的修复和重建等.  相似文献   

人工堤坝影响下的黄河三角洲海岸带生态特征分析   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

傅新  刘高焕  黄翀  刘庆生 《地球信息科学学报》2011,13(6):797-803

在滨海地区,堤坝干扰对自然植被景观及土壤属性的梯度变化规律有重要的影响.本文采用统计分析和梯度分析的方法,在RS信息提取和GIS空间分析技术的支持下,从植被群落的变化入手,从样地尺度上研究堤坝对黄河三角洲海岸带土壤环境的影响并揭示堤坝干扰下,土壤属性的梯度变化规律.研究表明:(1)堤坝影响海岸带地区自然植被的盖度,并且...  相似文献   

海岸带水边线等高条件控制下的航空影像外部定向          下载免费PDF全文

申家双  郭海涛  宋瑞丽  李传广 《海洋测绘》2011,31(4):22-25

提出了一种基于海岸带水边线等高条件的航空影像外部定向方法,该方法将局部区域水边线上各点的高程值相等作为控制条件,在立体像对的外部定向中,引入这些等高点,和其他平高控制点一起参加平差,计算立体像对的绝对方位元素.实验证明,该方法能够有效地提高航空影像的外部定向精度,尤其是高程的定位精度,提高了海岸带地形的测图精度.  相似文献   

Detection of 36 antibiotics in coastal waters using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

那广水  顾佳  葛林科  张蓬  王震  刘春阳  张琳 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2011,29(5):1093-1102

Among pharmaceuticals and personal care products released into the aquatic environment, antibiotics are of particular concern, because of their ubiquity and health effects. Although scientists have recently paid more attention to the threat of antibiotics to coastal ecosystems, researchers have often focused on relatively few antibiotics, because of the absence of suitable analytical methods. We have therefore developed a method for the rapid detection of 36 antibiotic residues in coastal waters, including tetracyclines (TCs), sulfanilamides (SAs), and quinolones (QLs). The method consists of solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, using electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive mode. The SPE was performed with Oasis HLB and Oasis MCX cartridges. Chromatographic separation on a C18 column was achieved using a binary eluent containing methanol and water with 0.1% formic acid. Typical recoveries of the analytes ranged from 67.4% to 109.3% at a fortification level of 100 ng/L. The precision of the method, calculated as relative standard deviation (RSD), was below 14.6% for all the compounds. The limits of detection (LODs) varied from 0.45 pg to 7.97 pg. The method was applied to determine the target analytes in coastal waters of the Yellow Sea in Liaoning, China. Among the tested antibiotics, 31 were found in coastal waters, with their concentrations between the LOD and 212.5 ng/L. These data indicate that this method is valid for analysis of antibiotics in coastal waters. The study first reports such a large number of antibiotics along the Yellow Sea coast of Liaoning, and should facilitate future comprehensive evaluation of antibiotics in coastal ecosystems.  相似文献   

Characteristics of Drag Coefficient in Different Coastal Regions of the South China Sea Under Tropical Cyclones–An Observational Study     

袁金南  宋丽莉  陈雯超  植石群  毕雪岩  刘春霞  黄辉军 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2020,26(4):417-427

To investigate the values of 10-m drag coefficient (CD) in different coastal areas under the influence of tropical cyclones, the present study used the observational data from four towers in different coastal areas of the South China Sea (SCS) during six tropical cyclone (TC) passages, and employed the eddy covariance method and the flux profile method. The analysis of footprint showed that the fluxes at Zhizai Island (ZZI), Sanjiao Island (SJI) and Donghai Island (DHI) were influenced basically by the ocean, and the flux at Shangyang Town (SYT) was influenced mainly by the land. The results showed that the dependence relationships of CD on 10-m wind speed (U10) in four different coastal areas under the influence of TCs were different. CD at ZZI and SJI initially increased and then decreased as U10 increased, similar to the pattern over the ocean. CD at ZZI and SJI represented the values over shallow water with seawater depths of ~7 m and ~2 m, respectively. Moreover, the critical wind speed at which CD peaked gradually decreased as the seawater depth became shallower in the coastal areas. CD at DHI and SYT decreased monotonously as U10 increased, similar to the pattern over the land. CD at DHI represented the value over the transition zone from shallow water to coastal land, and CD at SYT represented the value over the coastal land. Meanwhile, the eddy covariance method and the flux profile method were compared at ZZI and SYT during TC passages. It was found that their CD values obtained by the two methods were close. Finally, the parameterizations of observed u* and CD as a function of U10 over four different coastal areas were given under the influence of high winds. These parameterizations of observed C may be used in high-resolution numerical models for landfalling TC forecast.  相似文献   

OPERATIONAL FORECAST OF RAINFALL INDUCED BY LANDFALLING TROPICAL CYCLONES ALONG GUANGDONG COAST     

李晴岚  刘炳荣  万齐林  王玉清  李广鑫  李铁键  兰红平  冯圣中  刘春霞 《热带气象学报(英文版)》2020,26(1):1-13

Following previous studies of the rainfall forecast in Shenzhen owing to landfalling tropical cyclones(TCs), a nonparametric statistical scheme based on the classification of the landfalling TCs is applied to analyze and forecast the rainfall induced by landfalling TCs in the coastal area of Guangdong province, China. All the TCs landfalling with the distance less than 700 kilometers to the 8 coastal stations in Guangdong province during 1950—2013 are categorized according to their landfalling position and intensity. The daily rainfall records of all the 8 meteorological stations are obtained and analyzed. The maximum daily rainfall and the maximum 3 days' accumulated rainfall at the 8 coastal stations induced by each category of TCs during the TC landfall period(a couple of days before and after TC landfalling time) from 1950 to 2013 are computed by the percentile estimation and illustrated by boxplots. These boxplots can be used to estimate the rainfall induced by landfalling TC of the same category in the future. The statistical boxplot scheme is further coupled with the model outputs from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF) to predict the rainfall induced by landfalling TCs along the coastal area. The TCs landfalling in south China from 2014 to 2017 and the corresponding rainfall at the 8 stations area are used to evaluate the performance of these boxplots and coupled boxplots schemes. Results show that the statistical boxplots scheme and coupled boxplots scheme can perform better than ECMWF model in the operational rainfall forecast along the coastal area in south China.  相似文献   

Terminal forecasting and supersonic transport     

J. Clodman 《大气与海洋》2013,51(1):1-7

Although an official observatory was established in Toronto in 1839, governmental attempts to organize a national meteorological service were not begun until 1871. Storm warnings and general weather forecasts for Eastern Canada were instituted in 1876, and this service was extended across the West and throughout the settled portions of the country by the early years of the 20th century. Historical climatological data were published annually after 1871, but very little statistical data, delineating the climate of the country, were available prior to 1900. A beginning was made at expanding meteorological activities into the North before World War I, but it was not until the 1920's that a significant number of observing stations were located there. By 1930 the need for extensive aviation meteorological services was becoming apparent, but the economic depression prevented an expansion of both aviation and meteorological services.  相似文献